FPS is a key player in implementing the protocol that protects the environment on the white continent.

Under the Act of 21 July 2017, the Federal Public Service Health, Food Chain Safety and Environment is implementing the Madrid Protocol on Environmental Protection in Belgium.

The FPS is also Belgium's official representative within the Environment Policy Committee (EPOC) instituted by the Protocol.

It also issues the environmental permits required for any tourist or scientific visit by Belgian citizens in Antarctica.